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Cognitive Functional Therapy
Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) is an approach used in the management and treatment of musculoskeletal pain conditions, particularly chronic or persistent pain. It is a multidimensional approach that focuses on addressing both physical and cognitive factors that contribute to pain and disability.
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Assessment
The physical therapist conducts a thorough assessment to understand the individual’s pain condition, functional limitations, and psychosocial factors contributing to their pain experience. This assessment may involve gathering information about the individual’s pain history, functional abilities, beliefs about pain, emotional well-being, and social context.
Pain Neuroscience Education
The therapist educates the patient on pain neuroscience to improve their understanding of the pain, explaining the neurobiology and addressing any misconceptions or unhelpful beliefs to reduce fear and catastrophizing.
Cognitive Restructuring
The physical therapist assists in re-framing negative thoughts towards pain and disability through cognitive restructuring techniques like guided questioning, reflection and challenging cognitive distortions.
Functional Rehabilitation
The therapist creates a custom rehab plan to help individuals overcome fear or pain in doing functional activities. It involves gradual exposure and guidance to increase activity levels and incorporate exercises and functional tasks into daily routines.
Goal Setting and Action Planning
The therapist collaborates with the individual to set functional goals that are meaningful and relevant to their daily life. They develop action plans that outline specific strategies and steps to achieve these goals. The therapist and individual regularly review and revise these goals and action plans as needed.
Self-Management Strategies
The therapist teaches self-management strategies like pacing, relaxation, stress management, and problem-solving. The goal is to empower the individual to take an active role in their own recovery, practicing these techniques to manage pain and improve functional outcomes.
Ongoing Assessment and Monitoring
Throughout the treatment process, the therapist continually assesses the patient’s progress, functional abilities, and pain experiences. They use outcome measures, functional assessments, and regular discussions with the individual to track changes and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.